CBSE Class XII English Sample Paper 1

ENGLISH (COMMUNICATIVE)

Time Allowed: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 100

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER –1
This paper consists of four sections:
A Reading 20 Marks
B Writing 30 Marks
C Grammar 20 Marks
D Literature 30 Marks

General Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions
2. Do not write anything on the question paper.
3. All the answers must be correctly numbered as in the question paper and written in the answer sheet provided to you.
4. Attempt all questions in each section before going on to the next section.
5. Read each question carefully and follow the instruction.
6. Strictly adhere to the word limit given with each question. Marks will be deducted for exceeding the word limit.

SECTION A- READING (20 marks)
1. Read the following poem carefully. (8 marks)
Breakfast
Of all the meals that glad my day
My morning one’ the best;
Purveyed me on a silver tray,
Immaculately dressed.
I rouse me when the dawn is bright;
I leap into the sea,
Returning with a rear delight
To honey, toast and tea.

My appetite was razor edged
When I was in my prime;
To eggs and bacon I was pledged…
Alas! The March of Time;

For now a genial old gent
With journal on my knee,
I sip and take with vast content
My honey, toast and tea.

So set me up for my delight
The harvest of the bee;
Brown, crispy toast with butter bright,
Ceylon – two cups or three.
Let others lunch or dinner praise,
But I regale with glee,
As I regard with grateful gaze
Just honey, toast and tea. - Robert Service

1.1 Below is the summary of the poem. Complete it by writing the missing word/ phrase against the correct blank number in your answer sheet. (1/2 x 6 = 3 marks)
On returning from a (a) …………………. In the morning, the poet experiences (b) ……………… in having, what to him is the day’s best meal comprising honey, toast and tea. With time, the poet has been tranformed from a young man to (c) ……………… His tastes have also changed from (d) ……………….. to honey, toast and tea. The port differs from others in that, while he thinks that breakfast is the (e) ……………. of the day, others may (f) ……………………

1.2 The poet uses certain expressions in the poem to suggest something to the reader. There are some suggestions given below in circles. Choose one suggestion that best fits each of the expressions in the table, and write the answer against the correct blank number in your answer sheet. (4 marks)

‘The single file parade by time’,‘Look delightfully, exultantly, gratefully’,‘My appetite had sharp edges’,‘Wearing fine clothes’,‘Respect and offer gratitude’
‘Passage of time’,‘I was extremely hungry’ ,‘Perfectly laid out’

1.3 On the basis of your reading of the poem, explain the following expressions. Write the answer against the correct blank number in your answer sheet. (1 mark)
(a) ‘Ceylon’ …………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) ‘harvest of the bee’-……………………………………………………………………………..

2. Read the passage given below. (12 marks)
1. Decision-making is a very vital part of our lives. This is because what we are today is largely a result of the decision we took in the past. Similarly, whatever happens tomorrow will be a result of the decisions we take in the present.
2. It is not possible to reverse the wrong decisions taken in the past but it is possible to train ourselves into becoming a good decision-maker for the future, If we don’t, we’ll end up doing what we’ve always done and thus get what we’ve always got. Philosopher Walter Kaufman has called this Decidophobia.
3. All sorts of decisions- big or small, relevant or irrelevant, conscious or unconscious – punctuate our lives, Sometimes, we don’t even realise we are taking a decision.
4. Those who avoid taking a decision leave everything to chance and float along life with a ‘what will be’ will be’ attitude.
5. To enhance our decision-making, we must, first of all gather as much information as possible about the issue before we make our decision. We might be heading for a failure if our decisions are based on half-baked information.
6. If you have a set of guiding principles for your life, decision-making becomes a lot easier. For example, if you value integrity and honesty and consider them to be of vital importance, you will never waver.
7. Sometimes decisions are very difficult to make, especially when the odds seem to be against us. In this case, giving ourselves a little time to decide wouldn’t be a bad idea at all. Circumstances may change with time and then it may be easier to see which action is more preferable to the others.
8. Being clear about your goals can facilitate decision-making. If we know exactly where we want to be or what we want to do in the next five years or even ten, we will decide to undertake actions, which will lead us to our goals. So outline your short and long-tem goals in black and white,
9. Action is a vital consequence of decision-making. It is the necessary follow-up. Only when we act, will we get a feedback of whether our decision has been correct or not and then we can proceed in a more focussed way. So it is essential to move from the world of thought to the arena of action. (384 words)

2.1 On the basis of your reading of the passage above complete the following sentences. Write the answers in your answer sheet against the correct blank number. (8 marks)

(a) The course of our life is largely determined ……………………………………………………..
(b) People who suffer from ‘Decidophobia’ are unable to shape their lives because …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(c) The first step towards decision-making would be ………………………………………………..
(d) If your value system is clearly defined then ………………………………………………………
(e) In situations where ……………… taking a little time to decide would be the best way out.
(f) Outlining your goals can facilitate decision-making because ……………………………………
(g) Decision-making is futile if it is not ………………………………………………………………
(h) To proceed in a focused way it is essential that ………………………………………………….

2.2 Find the words/phrases from the passage which mean the same as the following from the paragraphs indicated. Write the answer sheet against the correct blank number. (4 marks)
(1) to interrupt repeatedly -para 3
(2) not considered carefully -para 5
(3) to make possible or easier -para 8
(4) information or statements of opinion about something that provide an idea of whether it is successful or liked -para 9

SECTION – B (Writing)
3. Ashwani/Aastha Sharma, in charge of the NSS Club of St. Andrew’s School, Kashipur, is given the following letter to write a notice to be put up for students on the school notice board. Write the notice in not more than 50 words, including relevant details from the letter in your notice so that students may contribute generously. Do not give extra information. Put the notice in a box. (5 marks)
The Philanthropic Society
5-Mount Hill Road
Dehradun
5 August, 2004
The Principal
St. Andrew’s School
Kashipur, U.P.
Dear Sir
We are a charitable organization working for helping the people who have been distresses due to natural calamities like the earthquakes, floods etc.
We would acknowledge it as a gesture of great benevolence if your students contribute to the cause of rendering helps to the hill people of Uttranchal who have experienced a terrible flood and have been displaced by it. The students can contribute food articles, medicines, money, clothes, shoe and other items of daily use. This will help to receive the distress of the people of this area greatly.
These items may be collected next Saturday at about 1 p.m. in the school’s NCC and Scouts room when our team visits the school.
Thank you very much.
Yours faithfully
K.C. Katihar
President

4. Read the following notes form the note-pad of Shri B.L. Sharma, the principal of St. Anthony School, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi. He asks his assistant to draft a message on his behalf for Mr. K. Makkar, the vice-principal of the school. Using the information from the note-pad, draft the message, in not more than 50 words. Put the message in a box. (5 Marks)

• Request attend urgent meeting
• Meeting in my office – 10 a.m.- today
• Agenda-planning for excursion to Gangotri
• Duration-2 weeks – summer vacations
• Inform-class teachers of X, XI and XII – should attend meeting

5. Anil/Anjali Diwan of Model Town, Delhi reads the following advertisement in the newspaper about Help the Old, an organization for helping the aged of India. He/She writes a letter saying he/she along with a group of NSS students would like to help the aged in some way.
As Anil/Anjali write the letter in not more than 150 words. Ask for the programmes you can join the kind of service you and your schoolmates can provide. Also ask for information about the ways you can collect or donate money to them. (10 marks)

6. Rosa Nair, a student of S.D. Public School, Hamirpur (H.P.) has to take part in a speech competition on the topic “Stop Crowding Hamirpur”. During the last decade it has grown from a lovely green hill station into a heavily populated industrial town. Using the ideas from the table and the hints given below, ideas from the unit on “Environment” and your own ideas, write Rosa’s speech in not more than 150-200 words.

HINTS

• Deterioration in civic amenities
• Pollution levels increasing everywhere
• Overcrowding in streets, buses, markets
• Suggest some practical solutions

SECTION – C (Grammar)
7. Mr. M. Sharma is the owner of K.P. Bakeries. He has made the following notes about a wedding cake to be delivered to one Mr. John, he asks jis personal assistant to write a brief note to Mr. John, using the information from the note pad given below. Complete the notes. Do not add any new information. Write the correct answer in your answer sheet against the correct blank number. Do not copy the whole sentence. (5 marks)

Dear Mr. John,
We are pleased to (a) ……………is ready. It is a cake (b) ………………. on it. The names of the bride (c) ………………….. on the top. Since it is a perishable item, (d) ……………… this evening. We shall not be responsible if (e) ……………….. afterwards.
Yours truly
M.Sharma
Proprietor (K.P. Bakeries)

8. Given below is a conversation between David and his friend, Meenu. Complete the dialogue in any suitable way. Write the correct answer in your answer sheet against the correct blank number. Do not copy the whole sentence. (4 marks)

David: Hello, is this 26897367?
Meenu: Yes (a) ……………………………………………………………………………………..
David: To Meenu, I am her friend David
Meenu: David! It’s Meenu (b) ……………………………………………………………………..
David: I’m calling from Indira Gandhi International airport. I’m here for a visit.
Meenu : That’s great (c) ……………………………………………………………………………
David: I wanted to give you a surprise.
Meenu: When did you arrive?(d) ……………………………………………………………………
David: I just got here and I/m alone.

9. The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each of the lines. Write the incorrect word and the correction in your answer sheet as given below against the correct blank number. Remember to underline the word that you have supplied. (1/2 x 8 = 4 marks)

Children love picnics and outings of their parents e.g. of ………….. with
though they are equally happier doing things with (a) ……………………
them around the house. A parent may make (b) ……………………
his child feels special by following some simple (c) ……………………
rituals. Bedtimes stories, the game of cars or (d) ……………………
simply talking and laugh together before going to (e) ……………………
bed – some give children a wonderful sense (f) …………………….
of well-being. They hardly ever forgot these moments (g) …………………….
And cherish them throughout these lives. (h) …………………….

10. Look at the words and phrase below. Rearrange them to form meaningful sentences. The first one has been done as an example. (1/2 x 6 = 3 marks)
Write the correct sentences in your answer sheet against the correct blank number.

And a very/the king/named Acanthus/talented sculptor/Pygmalion was/of Cyprus/of a village.
Pygmalion was the king of Cyprus and a very talented sculptor of a village named Acanthus.
(a) had finished/he smiled/when he/the ivory statue/of a beautiful woman/one day.
(b) Smile/at having found/it was/the innocent/new and unique/of a child/something.
(c) By the beauty/that/to worship it/he was/falling down/he felt like/so impressed/on his knees/of the statue.
(d) That he/a masterpiece/and called/he realized/this beauty/had created/Galatea.
(e) Was a devoted/to the goddess/he prayed/to breathe life/into it/of Aphrodite/since he/ follower.
(f) To life and/married her/after the goddess/ his wish/Pygmalion/Galatea came/granted him.

11. Look at the newspaper items below. Use the information in the headlines to complete the paragraphs. Write the answers in your answer sheet against the correct blank number. Do not copy the whole sentence. (4 marks)
(a) BLASTS OUTSIDE ATHENS POLICE STATION
Three bombs ………………. On Wednesday in a series of timed blasts, causing serious damage and rattling security forces just 100 days before the Olympic Games.
(b) SECURITY SYSTEM AT SHANTNIKETAN TO BE ‘REDISIGNED’
The Vishwa-Bharti University authorities’ …………………. At Shantiniketan in the wake of last week’s theft at Tagore’s Memorial Museum.
(c) FAKE DOCUMENTS RACKET BUSTED
A racket in printing and selling of …………………………………………………………………… police. One person has been arrested in this connection.
(d) “5 LAKH JOBS TO BE CREATED BY 2010” – PLANNING COMMISSION
Mr. Naresh Mathur, member of the Planning Commission, said yesterday that ……………………………………………………………………………………….. by the year 2010.

SECTION – D (Literature) (30 Marks)
12. Read the extract given below and answer the following questions. Write the answers in your answer sheet in one or two lines only. Remember to number the answers correctly. (4 Marks)
My mother twisted through and through
Groaning on a mat.
My father, sceptic, rationalist,
Trying every curse and blessing,
Powder, mixture, herb, and hybrid.
(a) Why is the narrator’s mother twisting and groaning on mat? 1
(b) How does the narrator’s father move away from his character as a sceptic and rationalist? 2
(c) How long does it take for mother to recover? 1

13. Read the extract given below and answer the following questions. Write the answers in your answer sheet in one or two lines only. Remember to number the answers correctly. (4 Marks)
The very deep did rot: O Christ!
That ever this should be!
Yea, Slimy things did crawl with legs
Upon the slimy sea.
(a) Who speaks the above lines? 1
(b) What does the word ‘deep’ refer to? How did it rot? 2
(c) What do the last two lines suggest about the speaker’s attitude towards nature? 1

14. In the poem Ode to The West Wind the poet establishes a link between his own personality and the personality of the West Wind. What is the link? What is the link? What appeal does he make to the West Wind? Why? Your answer should not exceed 100 words. (4 Marks)

15. Read the extract given below and answer the following questions. Write the answers in your answer sheet in one or two lines only. Remember to number the answers correctly. (5 Marks)
Antony: O, Pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth,
That I am meek and gentle with these butchers!
Thou art the ruins of the noblest man
That ever lived in the tide of times
Woe to the hand that shed this costly blood!
(a) Where is Antony at this time? 1
(b) Why does Antony call Caesar’s body ‘thou bleeding piece of earth’? 2
(c) How and Antony been ‘meek and gentle with these butchers’?2

16. In the lesson ‘The Tribute’ Babuli says, “My home—my village—they used to pull me away from the moribund city life.” (4 Marks)
(a) Why does Babuli refer to city life as ‘moribund’? 2
(b) How did draw him away from his home and his village later? Your answer should not exceed (75 words) 2

17. Christopher grows up into a teenager and recollects his experience with Cutie-pie. Describe these experiences in the form of a diary entry in about 150-175 words. (8 Marks)

IGNOU ‘JAVA’ Question Paper

June 2003
CS-74: INTRODUCTION TO INTERNET PROGRAMMING
(JAVA, ACTIVE X)

Time: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 75

Note: Question 1 is compulsory. Attempt any three from the rest.
1. (i) Write a Java program to calculate Fibonancci series recursively. [10]
(ii) What is a Java virtual machine? [05]
(iii) What is the difference between keyword throw and throws? [05]
(iv) What is the difference between an application and an applet? [05]
(v) List all primitive data types, size and range of values they accept. [05]

2. Describe the following terms:

• Multithreading
• Distributed
• Object oriented
• The Modifier abstract
• Constructors
• Secure
• Interface [15]

3. Differentiate between the following: [15]
(i) Method overloading and Overriding a method
(ii) Interpreter and Compile
(iii) Class and object
(iv) This and Super
(v) Unicode and ASCII code

4. (i) Describe the following classes: [09]

1. Exception class
2. Runtime exception class
3. I/O exception class

(ii) Write an example of user defined exception. [06]

5. (i) Write an example of user defined exception. [10]
(ii) List the modifiers and describe their purpose. [05]

5. (I) Implement a student class. A student has a name, stipend, and enrolment number. Write a default constructor and a constructor with two parameters (name and enrolment number) and two methods.
(a) To return the name and enrolment number.
(b) A method that increases the student’s stipend.
Write a small program that tests your class. [10]

(ii) State true or false with reasons: [05]

• Every element in the array has the same type.
• Array size is fixed after it is created.
• Java supports multiple inheritance
• Every Java class has a dafault constructor
• The static keyword is used to access a program code without instantiating the class to which that code belongs.

Ignou BCA CS-05 Paper

PGDCA/MCA (I Yr)/BCA
Term-End Examination June- 2005
CS-05: ELEMENTS OF SYSTEM ANALYSI & DESIGN

Time: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 75

Note: Question No. 1 is compulsory. Attempt any three from the test.

1. (a) Explain at least five duties that have to be carried out by a System Analyst. [05]

(b) Explain the sequential method for file organization. Also explain two advantages and two disadvantages of this method vis-à-vis other methods. [05]

(c) What are the various special systems tests. Explain at least four of them. [05]

(d) What are the three different levels of management as classified by Antony? Explain at least two of them. [05]

(e) Explain any five norms of software piracy seen around the world. [05]

(f) Describe five components of Multimedia in brief, with one example of each. [05]

2. (a) Explain at least two objectives of input design. [05]

(b) What does the term “feasibility” man? List the seven types of feasibility, and the four stages in a feasibility study. [10]

3. (a) Define a form. List the five characteristics of a form with an example for each. Also, explain at least four factors that need to be considered in form design. [05]

(b) What is a data dictionary? Specify at least 4 symbols and 4 rules that govern the construction of data dictionary entries. [07]

4. (a) Explain the meaning of Planning, Production and Distribution of Multimedia. [06]

(b) Explain at least three different approaches for Software evolution. [06]

(c) Define an audit trail. Who uses an audit trail? [03]

5. (a) Develop Analysis and Design documents for a Library Information System. Make necessary assumptions. [08]

(b) What is Quality assurance? What are the three levels of Quality assurance? Explain. [07]

6. (a) Explain the planning and control aspects of management. Explain each of these functions at the strategic, tactical and operational levels, with the help of examples. [06]

(b) What are Warnier/Orr diagrams? Explain them with an example. [03]
(c) What is a green P.C.? Explain the design of a Green P.C.

English Class XII ‘Passage’ Practice Questions

Class XII English 12 Marks Practice Questions
FACTUAL PASSAGES
1.1. Read the following passage carefully. [12 marks]
[AI, Delhi 1997]

1. So great is our passion for doing things for ourselves, that we are becoming increasingly less dependent on specialized labour. No one can plead ignorance of a subject any longer, for there are countless of-it-yourself publications. Armed with the right tools and materials, newly-weds gaily embark on the task of decorating their own homes. Men of all ages spend hours of their leisure time installing their own fireplaces. Laying-out their own gardens; building garages and making furniture. Some really keen enthusiasts go so far as to make their own record players and radio transmitters. Shops cater for the do-it-yourself craze not only by running special advisor services for notices, but by offering consumers bits and pieces which they can assemble at home. Such things provide an excellent outlet for pent up creative energy, but unfortunately not all of us are born handymen.
2. Wives tend to believe that their husbands are infinitely resourceful and versatile. Even husbands who can hardly drive a nail in straight are supposed to be born electricians, carpenters, plumbers and mechanics. When lights fuse ,furniture gets rickety, pipes get clogged, or vacuum cleaners fail to operate, wives automatically assume that their husbands will somehow put things right. The worst thing about the do-it-yourself game is that sometimes husbands live under the delusion that they can do anything even when they have been repeatedly proved wrong. It is a question of pride as much as anything else.
3. Last spring my wife suggested that I call in a man to look at our lawn mower. It had broken down the previous summer, and though I promised to repair it, I had never got round to it. I wouldn’t hear of the suggestion and said that I would fix it myself. One Saturday afternoon I hauled the machine into the garden and had a close look at it. As far as I could see, it only needed a minor adjustment; a turn of a screw here, a little lightening up there, a drop of oil and it would be as good as new. Inevitable the repair job was not quite so simple. The mower firmly refused to mow, so I decided to dismantle it. The garden was soon littered with chunks of metal, which had once made up a lawn-move. But I was extremely pleased with myself. I had traced the cause of the trouble. One of the links in the chain that drives the wheels had snapped.
4. After buying a new chain I was faced with the insurmountable task of putting the confusing jigsaw puzzle together again. I was not surprised to find that the machine still refused to work after I had reassembled it, for the simple reason that I was left with several curiously shaped bits of metal which did not seen to fit and anywhere. I gave up in despair. The weeks passed and the grass grew. When my wife nagged me to do something about it. I told her that either I would have to buy a new mower or let the grass grow. Needless to say that our house is now surrounded by a jungle. Buries somewhere in deep grass there is a rusting lawn mower which I have promised to repair one day. (539 words)

1.1.1 Answer the following questions briefly. (6 marks)

(a) Why do people not reply on specialized labour so much nowadays, according to the writer? (1)
(b) How do business organizations encourage people to do things for themselves? (2)
(c) What do wives tend to believe about their husbands? (1)
(d) Why do husbands think they can do anything even when provided otherwise? (1)
(e) ‘Do-it-yourself’ craze has its own advantage. What is it? (1)

1.1.2 ‘Do-it-yourself’ activities are good to purpose because: (3 marks)
(a) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

1.1.2 Find the words in the passage which convey the similar meaning as the following: (3 marks)
(a) Zealous people (para I)
(b) Carried (para 3)
(c) Broken (para 3)

1.2 Read the following passage carefully. (12 marks)

TOWERING HIMALYSIS POSE GROWING THREAT TO VALLEYS BELOW

1. Mount Everest has long attracted the curiosity of mystics, scientists and thrill seekers, who have for centuries risked their lives to reach the top of its treacherous peak. Their something-deadly adventures have been documented at length in magazines, movies and books around the world. Nut little has been written about how the fabled Himalayas threaten the loves of thousands of villagers who live in the valleys below.
2. Earthquakes rumble through the region as the collision between tectonic plates beneath the continents of Asia and India continue to push the towering Himalayas even higher. Villagers in the foothills also fall prey to frequent avalanches, floods and landslides unleashed by melting glaciers and monsoon rains.
3. Due to global warning glacier-related disasters are to on the rise. The risks increase during the summer months, when warm temperatures and monsoon rains shrink the enormous sheets of ice. And as the warm, wet weather of the Himalayan summer sets in, scientists warm that the chances of disaster grow every day.
4. Glacial melting already has begun to wreak havoc, scientists suspect. Last August in Nepal, during the hottest year on record, landslides and flashfloods left more than 350 dead and 10,000 families homeless. Since 1954, more than 7,000 people have died in 11 major floods in Bangladesh. And this year’s monsoon rains have spread water-borne diseases, fever, influenza and stomach ailments throughout Bangladesh, India and Nepal.
5. One reason for these catastrophes, scientists said, is that Himalayan glaciers – formed by more than 2 million years of snowfall – are receding faster than ever before. As the glaciers continue to shrink, landslides, ice avalanches and floods will increase, scientists warn.
6. ‘Catastrophic natural processes triggered by these glacial changes are responsible for considerable death and destruction throughout the mountains; said Jagdish Bahadur, who wrote a scientific report on the topic. Ice avalanches, which occur when glaciers melt on steep slopes and slide down sparsely vegetated valleys, and landslides, cascading boulders and debris unleashed when melting glaciers dislodge them, have caused hundreds of deaths in the last year alone.
7. But some of the most devastating effects of glacier meltdown occur when glacial lakes overflow. These lakes, which are formed throughout the mountain range by melting glaciers, threaten to flood entire valleys, putting tens of thousands of people’s lives at risk. For decades glacier ice and debris have acted like natural dams to contain the growing lakes. But when melting glaciers feed the lakes faster than water can drain, a violent torrent of liquid and debris often escapes as pressure in the burgeoning lake causes it to literally push past the glacier ice or debris that holds it back. Due to rapid glacial melting, these ‘glacial lake outburst floods’ – once a rarity – have become a frequent occurrence.
8. The chances of a glacial lake outburst increases in the summer, when glaciers melt, and rainwater from the monsoon season adds pressure to the swelling lakes, according to Paul Mayewski, director of the Climate Change Research Centre at the University of New Hampshire also say that global warming has accelerated the formation of glacial lakes. The Bulleting of Water and Energy Commission (WEC) has labelled many of these lakes as ‘dangerous’.
9. ‘We’re constantly worried by forecasts about these lakes reputing,” Pemba Sherpa , a resident of Monjo village, which is located close to the high-risk Imja glacier lake, told the World Wildlife Fund. But a lack offending coupled with the difficulty and dangers associated with accessing the glaciers have made it nearly impossible to even monitor them.
10. ‘There is a need to monitor high altitude glaciated regions to understand the natural processes and the magnitude of natural hazards for mitigation measures,” Bahadur stated. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is trying to establish a monitoring system that will warn endangered villagers when a glacial outburst or landslide is imminent. The program also would monitor potentially high-risk lakes, which can be drained to reduce the risk of a disaster.
11. If global warming is the culprit for glacier recession, then the huge masses of ice of the Himalayas will one day melt away altogether. ‘Glaciers’ in the Himalayas are receding faster than in any other part of the world and, if the present rate continues, the likelihood of them disappearing by the year 2035 Is very high,’ stated a recent report by the International Commission for Snow and Ice (ICSI). Though the disappearance of the glaciers would bring an end to the deadly floods and landslides that plague the region, another disaster would follow.
12. Without glacier melt water, many lakes and rivers that serve as lifelines for millions of people could dry up. And about 10 percent of the world’s population – 500 million people – would be at risk at losing their water supply. (792 words)

1.2.1 On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer the following questions as briefly as possible. (9 marks)

(a) Why are the Himalayas prone to earthquakes? (1)
(b) In what ways does the warm and wet weather of the Himalayan summer prove to be devastating? (1)
(c) What threat do melting glaciers pose to people living in the Himalayan region? (1)
(d) What is the role being played by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to reduce the risk of the disasters caused by glaciers? (1)
(e) What is causing the Himalayan glaciers to melt? (1)
(f) What will happen when the Himalayan glaciers have melted? (2)

1.2.2 Pick out the words/phrases from the passages which mean the same as: (3 marks)
(a) cause a lot of destruction (para 4)
(b) Disaster; devastation (para 5)

(c) Set off; (caused (para 6)

IGNOU ‘C’ Programming and Data Structure Question Paper

CS-62 ‘C’ Programming and Data Structure
Time : 2 hours Maximum Marks : 60
Note: Question no.1 is compulsory. Answer any three questions from the rest.
All algorithms should be written nearer to ‘C’ Ianguage.
1. (a) Write an algorithm to subtract two polynomials using array
implementation. Assume polynomials have M and N terms. (8)

(b) What is garbage collection? Explain Fragmentation, Compaction
and Relocation w.r.t. garbage collection. (6)

(c) Write an algorithm to store the sparse array using linked list. (6)

(d) Write the functions in C language for insertion and deletion of a
node in a Heap. (8)

(e) Find the number of nodes in a balanced binary tree of height “h”.
2. (a) A two dimensional matrix is represented using a row major
order. Write the formula and calculate the address of element A
[10] [10]. Assume the dimensions A [10] [10] (3)

2(b) Write an algorithm for converting an Adjacency list to an
adjacency matrix in ‘C’ language. (7)

3. (a) Consider the graph :

Construct a minimum cost spanning tree using Prim’s algorithm and calculate the cost of this tree. (7)

(b) How are command line arguments passed on to ‘C’ programs?
Writ e a program to count the number of command line
arguments. (3)

4. (a) The following input sequence is sorted in increasing order using
quicksort algorithm:
75, 72, 64, 91, 56, 92, 62

Show the sorting process step-wise. (5)
(b) Write a non-recursive program in ‘C’ to traverse a binary tree in
preorder. (5)

5. Explain the following with an example each: (10)
(a) Union in ‘C’
(b) AVL Tree
(c) Hash function
(d) Weakly connected graph
(e) Indexing w.r.t files

IGNOU ‘C’ & Data Structure Question Paper

CS - 62: ‘C’ Programming and Data Structure

Time: 2 hours Maximum Marks: 60
Note: Question no. 1 is compulsory. Answer any three questions from the
rest. AII algorithms should be written nearer to ‘C’ Ianguage.

1. (a) Write a C function to convert the adjacency matrix of a graph to its
adjacency list. Illustrate this C function, using an example. (7)

(b) Explain the concept of representation of a graph. Write an algorithm for
graph traversal using Breadth First Search, with a suitable example.
Also, determine its space and time complexity. (10)

(c) Write an algorithm for the implementation of insertion sort. Compute the
time complexity of insertion sort in accordance to worst; best and average
case. Sort the following sequence of numbers by applying insertion sort(10)
7 , 4 , 7 ,g , 0 , 2 , 8 , 5

(d) How is a circular queue better than a linear queue? Explain this with an
example. (3)

2(a) Define an AVL Tree. Construct a Height Balanced Tree for the following
list of elements (7)
3 , 5 , 11 , 9 , 4 , 2 , 15 , 7 , 2 , 6 , 10

(b) Write a recursive function to generate the fibonacci series. (3)

3. (a) Explain any three advantages of a singly linked list over arrays. (3)

(b) Consider the graph:

Construct a minimum cost spanning tree for the graph above. Also give the
cost of this tree. (7)

4. Suppose there is a singly linked list of integers. The linked list is
implemented by pointers in ,’C’. Write ‘C’ functions for the following: (10)
(i) Delete a node in the list, given a pointer to that node.
(ii) Reverse the list.

5. Explain the following with an example each (10)
(i) Dynamic Memory Allocation
(ii) Sparse Array
(iii) Pre-order Traversal
(iv) Indexed Sequential File Organization
(v) Macros

CS-74 ‘Internet Programming’ Paper

CS-74: INTRODUCTION TO INTERNET PROGRAMMING
(JAVA, ACTIVE X)
Time: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 75
Note: Question 1 is compulsory. Attempt any three from the rest.

1. (i) Write a complete Java program to fond out whether the string T1 us contained in the string t. If so, it returns the offset of the first march. If not, it returms-1 [10]
(ii) Answer the following questions:
(a) What is the relationship between Java and HTML? [04]
(b) What happens when your program attempts to access an array element with an invalid index? [03]
(c) How do you set colours and fonts in a graphics context? How do you find the current colour and font style? [03]
(d) Describe the paint ( ) method. Where is it defined? How is it invoked? [05]
(e) Comment on “Java is a robust programming language? [05]

2. Different between the following: [15]
(a) This and Super
(b) Construction and Methods
(c) Final and Abstract
(d) Window and Panel
(e) Thread and Process

3. Define the following terms: [15]
(i) Data encapsulation
(ii) Methods overloading and overriding a method
(iii) Border Layout Manager
(iv) Exception handling features in Java
(v) Security features in Java programming

4. (i) In an object oriented traffic simulation system, we have the following classes: [10]

• Vehicle
• Car
• Truck
• Pickup truck
• Sport utility vehicle
• Mini van
• Bicycle
• Motorcycle

Draw an inheritance diagram the shows the relationship between these classes. identify methods, variables in each class.

(ii) Describe the init ( ), start ( ), stop ( ), and destroy ( ) methods in the applet class. [05]
5. (i) Write a recursive program in Java for the greatest common divisor (GCD). Given two positive integers, the GCD is the largest integer that divides them both. [10]
(ii) Answer the following questions?
(a) How do you run an applet? [03]
(b) How do you create a button labeled ‘BCA’? How do you change a label on a button? [02]

6. Answer the following questions.
(i) What is the keyboard “throw” used for? [05]
(ii) What is the Java virtual machine? [05]
(iii) What is the difference between radio buttons and check boxes? [02]
(iv) What is the difference between a menu, menu bar and menu item? [03]